Description:
Updated, reorganized, and streamlined to
focus squarely on ethical decision making in counseling and psychotherapy and
in the practice of specialties in counseling.
The fifth edition of this text is unparalleled in helping
counselors-in-training use ethical decision-making processes as a foundation
for approaching ethical and legal dilemmas in clinical practice. Newly
organized and streamlined to eliminate redundancies, this textbook presents
multiple new chapters that reflect the latest developments in counseling
specialty areas. This new edition also features an overview of ethical decision-making
models, principles, and standards. Abundant instructor resources, reflecting
changes to the fifth edition, include an Instructor’s Manual, Power Points,
Sample Syllabi, and a Test Bank.
Through its alignment with the CAPREP standards, the new edition
continues to deliver a comprehensive overview of ethical decision-making models
in each chapter, along with step-by-step processes for applying these models to
a wide range of clinical cases. Case scenarios specific to specialized practice
issues provide insight into practice with different client populations.
Additionally, the text considers office, administrative, electronic,
technology, and related issues, and the role of values in counseling addressing
contemporary emphasis on ethical treatment of value conflicts that are crucial
to the operation of all practices. Abundant features highlight key content and
reinforce learning, including bold-faced key terms with definitions, boxed
content showcasing crucial information, and reflection questions to stimulate
rigorous thinking.
New to the Fifth Edition:
- Reorganized and streamlined for ease of use
- Includes updated reference to codes of ethics from ASCA and
AMHCA
- Addresses shifts in the structure of specialty practices
including the merger of CORE and CACREP
- Provides several new chapters on clinical specialties and
supervision issues
- Focuses on ethics in counseling specialties: clinical mental
health; school; couples, marriage and family; addictions; career;
rehabilitation; and group
- Addresses ethical practice of the new clinical rehabilitation
counseling specialty—the only text to do so
- Offers student learning activities in each chapter with
additional practice scenarios available for downloading
- Provides access to appropriate codes of ethics via
chapter-by-chapter links
- Delivers updated case scenarios
Key Features:
- Covers all counseling specialties and their respective
ethical codes aligning with recent developments in the profession
- Describes how to avoid, address, and solve serious ethical
and legal dilemmas to prepare counselors-in-training for complex situations
they may encounter
- Includes objectives, case studies, references, key terms,
learning activities and reflection questions embedded in chapter content
- Highlights important information with boxed callouts
- Addresses key office, administrative, electronic, technology,
and other practice issues
- Provides Appendix with web links to codes of ethics in
counseling and specialties
- Includes Dr. Cottone’s Social Constructivism Decision-Making
Model and Dr. Tarvydas’s Integrative Decision-Making Model
Contents:
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
PART I:
OVERVIEW OF ETHICS AND DECISION MAKING IN COUNSELING AND PSYCHOTHERAPY
Chapter 1. Introduction to Ethical
Issues and Decision Making in Counseling and Psychotherapy • Introduction • Defining Ethics • Professional Ethics
Versus Legally Mandated Ethics • Ethics Governance • Decision Making Skills •
Conclusion • References
Chapter 2. The Mental Health Professions
and Counseling Specialties • Introduction •
Counseling and Psychology: Two Closely Related But Now Distinct Mental Health
Professions • Licensing and Credentialing in the Mental Health Professions •
Counseling • Psychiatry • Psychology • Marriage and Family Therapy •
Psychiatric Nursing • Social Work • Conclusion • References
Chapter 3. Value Issues in Counseling • Introduction • Values • Morals, Ethics, and Values • Values
in Counseling: Historical Perspective • Values of Counselors and the Counseling
Relationship • Values, Cultural Worldviews, and Multiculturalism • Values
Clarification • Values Conflict Resolution • Strategies for Counselors •
Conclusion • References
Chapter 4. Ethical Decision Making
Processes • Introduction • Ethical Judgment • A
Review of Ethical Decision Making Models • Theoretical or Philosophical Models
of Individual Choice • Quantification as a Means to Individual Choice •
Practice-Derived Models of Individual Choice • Models of Relational Influence •
Empirical Findings on Models or Premises • Willingness or Resoluteness as a
Factor in Decision Making • The Tarvydas Integrative Decision Making Model of
Ethical Behavior • Conceptual Origins • Themes and Attitudes • Stages and
Components • Practicing the Tarvydas Integrative Model • The Theoretical
Contribution of the Tarvydas Model • Cottone’s Social Constructivism Model of
Ethical Decision Making • Applying the Social Constructivism Model of Ethical
Decision Making • “Objectivity in Parentheses” • Conflicting Consensualities •
The Interpersonal Process of Negotiating, Consensualizing, and Arbitrating •
Response to a Challenge • The Social Constructivism Process of Ethical Decision
Making • “A Truth” Versus “The Truth” • How the Social Constructivism Model
Interfaces with Multiculturalism • Concluding Words About the Social
Constructivism Model • Conclusion • References
Chapter 5. Introduction to Ethical
Principles in Counseling • Introduction •
Importance of Ethical Principles to Mental Health Professions • The Principles
• Respect for Autonomy • Beneficence and Nonmaleficence • Justice • Fidelity •
Veracity • Principles, Challenges to the Principles, and Codes of Ethics •
Beyond Ethical Principles: Defining Ethical Standards • Conclusion • References
Chapter 6. Introduction to Ethical and
Legal Standards in Counseling and Psychotherapy • Introduction • The Relationships Between Ethics and the
Law • Ethical and Legal Standards in Mental Health Practice • Confidentiality
and Privacy • Privileged Communication • Counselor Roles and Relationships With
Clients and Other Involved Parties • Informed Consent • Professional
Responsibility • Competence • Decision Making in Context • Conclusion •
References
PART II:
ETHICAL AND LEGAL CHALLENGES ACROSS MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONS
Chapter 7. Clinical Mental Health
Counseling (Michael T. Hartley, Brian Clarke,
and Vilia M. Tarvydas) • Introduction • History of Clinical Mental Health
Counseling • Credentialing and Clinical Mental Health Counseling • Independence
of Clinical Mental Health Counselors • Defining the Specialty, Setting, and
Clients • Issues of Significance to the Specialty • Professional
Differentiation • Managed Care and Third-Party Insurance • Assessment and
Diagnosis of Mental Disorders • Competence to Provide Clinical Mental Health
Counseling • Informed Consent and Professional Disclosure • Privacy and
Confidentiality in Mental Health Counseling • Duty to Warn and Exceptions to
Confidentiality • Roles and Relationships With Clients • Professional
Responsibility and Interdisciplinary Collaborations • Cultural Diversity and
Social Justice • Decision Making in Context • Conclusion • References
Chapter 8. School Counseling (Dawnette Cigrand, Erin E. Binkley, and Donna A.
Henderson) • Introduction • Defining the Specialty, Setting, and Clients •
The School Counselor’s Role • Clients • Counseling Process • Group Work •
Evaluation, Assessment, and Interpretation • Ethical and Legal Issues •
Confidentiality and Privileged Communication • Confidentiality • Privileged
Communication • Informed Consent • Informing and Facilitating Consent • Client
Autonomy • Roles and Relationships With Clients • Potentially Detrimental
Relationships • Values • Counselor Competence • Counselor Competency, Skill
Monitoring and Wellness • Competence and Technology • Code Comparisons • ASCA
Position Statement on Confidentiality • Employer Policy and Expectations • Code
Comparisons • Issues of Diversity • Decision Making in Context • Decision
Making in Context • Conclusion • References
Chapter 9. Couple, Marital, and Family
Counseling • Introduction • Defining the
Specialty, Setting, and Clients • Ethical and Legal Issues • Confidentiality
and Privileged Communication • Informed Consent • Roles and Relationships with
Clients • Responsibility • Values • Counselor Competence • Code Comparisons •
Issues of Diversity • Decision Making in Context • Conclusion • References
Chapter 10. Rehabilitation Counseling (Michael T. Hartley, Vilia M. Tarvydas, and Toni A. Saia)
• Introduction • History of Rehabilitation Counseling • Credentialing and
Rehabilitation Counseling • Diversification of Rehabilitation Counseling •
Defining the Specialty, Setting, and Clients • Issues of Significance to the
Specialty • Professional Differentiation • Advocacy and Empowerment • Forensic
and Indirect Assessment • Competence • Informed Consent and Assent • Privacy
and Confidentiality • Roles and Relationships • Primary Responsibility and
Collaboration • Cultural Diversity and Social Justice • Decision Making in
Context • Conclusion • References
Chapter 11. Addictions Counseling (Michael Esteban Gerald) • Introduction • Defining
the Specialty, Setting, and Clients • Brief History of Addictions Treatment in
America • Contemporary Addictions Treatment • Substance Abuse Counseling: A
Profession or a Specialty? • Counselor Competency • Setting Issues • Counseling
Adolescents and Minors • Ethical and Legal Issues • Confidentiality and
Privileged Communication • Informed Consent • Roles and Relationships with Clients
• Responsibility • Values • Code Comparisons • Issues of Diversity • Ethical
Decision Making in Context • Conclusion • References
Chapter 12. Career Counseling (Mark Pope and Vilia M. Tarvydas) • Introduction •
Defining the Specialty, Setting, and Clients • Specialty • Settings • Clients •
Issues of Significance to the Specialty • Ethical and Legal Issues •
Confidentiality and Privileged Communication • Roles and Relationships With
Clients • Informed Consent • Professional Responsibility • Values • Counselor
Competence • Career Counseling Competencies • Ethical Standards and Code
Comparisons • Issues of Diversity • Individual Versus Collectivist Cultures •
Assessment of Culturally Diverse Populations • Gay and Lesbian Clients •
Decision Making in Context • Conclusion • References
Chapter 13. Group Counseling • Introduction • Defining the Specialty, Settings, and
Clients • Issues of Significance to the Specialty • Ethical and Legal Issues •
Confidentiality and Privileged Communication • Informed Consent • Roles and
Relationships With Clients • Responsibility • Values • Counselor Competence •
Code Comparisons • Issues of Diversity • Decision Making in Context •
Conclusion • References
PART III:
ORGANIZATIONAL, ADMINISTRATIVE, AND TECHNOLOGY ISSUES
Chapter 14. Ethical Climate • Introduction • Organizational Culture • Culture • Ethics
and Organizational Culture • Organizational Climate and Ethical Climate •
Accountability to the Organization and Decision Making • Impaired Professionals
• Burnout and Job Stress • Boundary and Harassment Issues in Employment and
Supervision • Substance Abuse • Mobbing • Whistle-Blowing • Conclusion •
References
Chapter 15. Office and Administrative
Practices • Introduction • The Layout of the
Office • Fee Setting, Billing, and Collections • Agreements With
Nonprofessional Staff Members • Advertising • Credentials • Maintenance of
Records and Files • Communications With Other Professionals • Disagreements
With Employers or Supervisors • Conclusion • References
Chapter 16. Ethics of Counseling
Supervision (Michael T. Hartley and Camelia
Shaheed) • Introduction • Defining the Role and Setting of Clinical
Supervision • Competence and Clinical Supervision • Multiple Roles and
Relationships in Supervision • Evaluation and Feedback in Supervision •
Gatekeeping and Documentation in Supervision • Diversity and Cultural
Competence in Supervision • Informed Consent and Supervision Contracts •
Privacy and Confidentiality in Supervision • Online Supervision • Legal Issues
in Supervision • Ethical Decision Making • Conclusion • References
Chapter 17. Technology Ethics and
Distance Counseling (Michael T. Hartley,
David B. Peterson, and
Catherine Fennie) • Introduction • Counseling and the Digital Revolution •
Evolution of Counseling Technology • Competence and Distance Counseling •
Informed Consent and Distance Services • Privacy and Confidentiality in the
Digital Age • Virtual Boundaries in the Digital Age • Professional Conduct and
e-Professionalism • Access and Accessibility • Computer-Assisted Assessment •
Benefits of Computer-Assisted Test Administration • Limitations of Computerized
Administration • Computer-Generated Assessment and Interpretation • Conclusion
• References
PART IV:
CONCLUSION
Chapter 18. The Ethical Professional
Counselor and Psychotherapist •
Introduction • Consequences of a Breach of Ethics for the Mental Health
Professional • Consequences of a Breach of Ethical Standards for the Client •
Filing a Complaint to a Licensure Authority • The Development of the Ethical
Mental Health Professional • Decision Making in Context • Conclusion •
References
Appendix: Internet Resources
Index
About the Editors:
Robert Rocco Cottone, PhD, LPC, is a Professor of Counseling at the University of Missouri,
St Louis in the Department of Education Sciences and Professional Programs and
a Certified Family Therapist. He has served on the American Counsleing
Association (ACA) Ethics Task Force that produced the 2005 revision of the
ethics code. He chaired the American Rehabilitation Counseling Code of
Professional Ethics revision task force in 2000 and has published extensively
on matters of professional ethics and ethical decision making in counseling and
psychology. Dr. Cottone is a Fellow of the ACA and the author of several books,
including Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy, published by SPC.
Vilia Tarvydas, Ph.D., CRC, is Professor Emerita and former Chair of the Rehabilitation
and Counselor Education Department at The University of Iowa. She has served as
President of the National Council on Rehabilitation Education, the American
Rehabilitation Counseling Association, and the American Association of State
Counseling Boards. She has published extensively on ethics, ethical
decision-making, and professional governance and standards and has chaired the
ACA and CRCC Ethics Committees. She chaired the CRCC Code Revision Taskforce
that wrote the 2010 CRCC Code of Professional Ethics, and was a member of the
ACA Code Revision Task Force that wrote the 2005 ACA Code of Ethics, and has
been a member of the ACA Ethics Appeals Committee. In July, 2019 she completed
a five year term on the Board of Directors of the Council for Accreditation of
Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP), where she served as
Vice-Chair. Dr. Tarvydas is the lead editor of the SPC publication, The
Professional Practice of Rehabilitation Counseling and has contributed to
several other SPC publications.
Michael T. Hartley, PhD, CRC, is an associate professor and faculty chair of the
Counseling Program, Department of Disability and Psychoeducational Studies at
the University of Arizona. His research has focused on professional ethics, and
has 30 peer reviewed journal articles and 10 book chapters focused on the
intersection of professional ethics with social justice and digital technology.
He is the co-editor of the SPC book, The Professional Practice of
Rehabilitation Counseling. Dr. Hartley served on the taskforce to revise
the 2017 Code of Ethics for the Rehabilitation Counselor Certification (CRCC).
Having served in variety of leadership roles over the years, including the CRCC
ethics committee, Dr. Hartley recently served as treasurer of the Arizona
Counseling Association (AzCA) and president of the American Rehabilitation
Counseling Association (ARCA).
Target Audience:
This book is for counselors. Focuses on ethics in counseling
specialties: clinical mental health; school; couples, marriage and family;
addictions; career; rehabilitation; and group.